Past Perfect

Use

1) Together with the Simple Past

Mary had read the book before she watched a film.

2) the past equivalent of the Present Perfect

He had played hockey.

Signal words

no unambiguous ones

Form

had + past participle

Examples

Affirmative sentences:

I had played hockey. I'd played hockey.

You had played hockey. You'd played hockey.

Negative sentences:

I had not played hockey. I'd not played hockey. I hadn't played hockey.

You had not played hockey. You'd not played hockey. You hadn't played hockey.

Questions:

Had you played hockey?

Had you played hockey?